Alrighty, buckle up because I’m about to take you on a wild ride through the world of microservices! Microservices is a fancy term for designing software by breaking it down into lots of little parts that work together like a team. Each part is like its own little superhero, with its special powers and abilities. But instead of working alone, they all team up and communicate with each other through these fancy communication lines called APIs.

The whole point of this microservices thingamajig is to make it easier and faster for software developers to create and update their programs. It’s like building a puzzle, but instead of having to put together one big puzzle, you break it down into smaller, more manageable pieces. And the best part is, if you need to change or update one of those pieces, you can do it without messing up the whole puzzle. It’s like magic!

So, there you have it. Microservices is all about breaking down software into smaller, more manageable pieces that work together like a team of superheroes, making it easier and faster for developers to create and update their programs.

 Advantages of Microservices:

1. Higher Scalability:

So, when we talk about “higher scalability”, we mean that our software can handle a lot more traffic and users without slowing down or crashing. 

2. Faster time to market:

By this, we mean that we can get our software out there and ready for use in record time. That means we can stay ahead of the competition and keep our customers happy.

3.Higher maintainability:

It’s easier for us to keep our software up and running smoothly, which saves us time and money in the long run.

4.Easy and faster deployment:

It means that we can get updates and changes to our software out to users quickly and without a lot of hassle. That means less downtime and more productivity.

5.Increased modularity:

It is a fancy way of saying that our software is broken down into smaller, more manageable parts. That makes it easier to develop, update, and troubleshoot.

Now, there are some challenges like security, testing, design, and operational complexity. But We’ve got some microservices best practices that can help us overcome these challenges and create a whole ecosystem of software that works like a well-oiled machine. That means more productivity, less hassle, and happier customers. Sounds like a win-win to me!

Phase 1: Planning and Organizing

I.Check Whether Microservices Architecture Best Fits the Requirements

When it comes to microservices architecture, you gotta start by figuring out if it’s the right fit for your business needs. That means taking a good, hard look at your requirements and seeing if microservices can help you meet those needs better than other options out there.

But that’s not all! You also need to make sure that your program can be broken down into smaller, more manageable parts without losing any important features or functionalities. That means doing some research and planning to make sure everything works together like a well-oiled machine.

Now, let’s say you wanna build a fancy-schmancy server-side enterprise application. You gotta make sure it meets the following requirements: 

• Supports various clients including native mobile applications, desktop browsers, and mobile browsers. 
• Allows 3rd party application integration.
• It should be capable of handling requests by executing the business logic, accessing databases, sending/receiving messages with other systems, and returning an HTML/XML/JSON response.
• Includes all the necessary business operations and services. They are complex.

If you wanna develop an application that meets all those fancy requirements we talked about earlier, then you gotta follow some rules.

First of all, you wanna structure your application as a group of services that work together like a well-choreographed dance routine. But here’s the catch – these services gotta be loosely coupled and collaborating. That means they work together without getting all tangled up like a ball of yarn.

And what about each service, you ask? Well, each service should be highly maintainable and testable. Why, you might ask? ‘Cause that’ll help you develop and deploy faster, and who doesn’t love that?

Oh, and don’t forget – each service should be able to work independently from other services. That way, each team can focus on its separate service(s) without worrying about what everyone else is doing.

And last but not least, each service should be developed by a small team. Why, you might ask? ‘Cause, that’ll boost productivity and get things done faster.

It ain’t always sunshine and rainbows when it comes to microservices architecture.

For example, if your application ain’t too complicated and only has a small number of things it needs to do, then you might be better off with a good  fashioned monolithic architecture. Keep it simple!

And what about your development team? If it’s a small team and they can handle the workload without needing to split things up into tiny pieces, then monolithic might be the way to go.

Define Microservices

When it comes to microservices, you gotta know what’s what. That means understanding the difference between your company operations, services, and microservices. Without this knowledge, you might end up with either too few or too many microservices. And that’s not good for anyone!

On one hand, if you don’t break things up enough, your microservices won’t be very useful. But on the other hand, if you break things up too much, you’ll end up with an overly fragmented architecture.

If you wanna use microservices, you gotta have an experienced team to operate and maintain them. It’s not something you can just throw together and hope for the best.

And finally, deciding how to partition your system into microservices can be a bit of an art form. But fear not! There are plenty of strategies out there to help you with this task. So, don’t be afraid to do your research and find the method that works best for you.

1. Decompose using business capability

Define microservices based on business capabilities such as customer management, supplier management, and order management.

2. Decompose using domain-driven design subdomains

• • Domain-driven design refers to the problem space of the application, which is the entire business domain.
  • A domain can have multiple subdomains related to different functions of the business.
  • Identifying subdomains requires proper knowledge of the business and its structure and can be done iteratively.
  • Examples of subdomains for an education platform include lecture management, schedule management, payment management, attendance management, and exam management.

3.Break it down by action:

Identify services responsible for specific actions or use cases. For example, you could have a Shipping Service that handles everything related to shipping orders.

Break it down by resource: Determine which service is responsible for all functions related to a certain type of resource. For instance, an Account Service could take care of all user account-related tasks.

4. Build Teams Around Microservices

If you’re planning to use microservices, it’s important to have separate teams responsible for each service. Each team should have the necessary skills and tools to develop, implement, and maintain their service.

However, creating multiple teams can also present some challenges, like making sure that they can work independently without spending too much time communicating with each other. Here are some things to keep in mind:

• Each team should have clear goals and objectives.
• Developers should be prepared for the additional work that comes with communicating between services.
• Requests that involve multiple services can be tricky to implement.
• Testing the interactions between services can be complicated.
• Making requests that involve multiple services requires greater coordination among the teams involved.

Phase 2: Designing

Have you ever heard of the Single Responsibility Principle (SRP)? It’s like having your own superhero identity – each component of your code should have one and only one responsibility! This applies to microservices, classes, modules, and methods. By breaking down your code into smaller pieces with specific tasks, you’ll enjoy a bunch of benefits:

Understandability and learning curve:

Imagine trying to learn how to play an entire song on the piano at once. It’s overwhelming! But if you break it down into smaller sections, it’s much easier to learn and master. The same goes for microservices. When each one has a specific task, it’s easier to understand and work with.

Flexibility:

Just like building blocks, you can combine microservices in various ways to create different configurations. This gives you the flexibility to adapt and change your application as needed.

Reusability:

With each microservice focusing on one responsibility, you can easily reuse them in other parts of your code. It’s like having your own set of Lego pieces!     

Testability:

Testing your code is important, but it can be a pain when everything is intertwined. By breaking things down, you can write and maintain test cases for each microservice, class, and method. This makes it much easier to debug and fix issues when they come up.

• Debuggability:
  When something goes wrong, it’s important to be able to quickly identify where the problem is. By having separate components with clear responsibilities, you can easily pinpoint issues and fix them.
  
  
• Observability and Operability: Monitoring the performance of your microservices is important. When each one has a single responsibility, it’s easier to detect any issues and make adjustments. Plus, since microservices are decentralized, they can run on different servers and still work together.
  
  
• Reliability: Finally, when one microservice is down for maintenance, others can still serve their responsibilities. This makes your application more reliable overall.

So, if you want to make your code more manageable and enjoyable to work with, remember the Single Responsibility Principle!

One of the golden rules of creating a great architectural design is to ensure that each microservice, class, function, subsystem, or module has only one reason to change. This means that any component should be responsible for a single task or feature, and changes to that feature should not affect other parts of the system.

Let’s talk about using REST APIs and Events

By using RESTful APIs, you don’t have to install anything on the client side or worry about choosing the right framework, which is pretty neat.

To make sure you’re getting the most out of your microservices, make sure each service has its own repository and version control. This can be a lifesaver when implementing changes that could potentially break other services.

Let’s say you’re building an online store using microservices, and you need to display product details in multiple ways, like on a website and a mobile app. To do this, you’ll need to access different microservices for pricing, basic details, availability, reviews, and purchase history. This might sound like a hassle, but it’s a good thing because it allows you to use fine-grained APIs and gives clients the flexibility to communicate with more than one service.

But, how do you access individual microservices? That’s where an API gateway comes in. It acts as a single entry point for each client and can easily handle all access requests. Some requests are routed to specific services, while others are fanned out to multiple services. With an API gateway, you can handle different client requirements, and it can dynamically adjust to changes in service instances and locations.

So, to sum it up, using REST APIs and events optimally and having a proper version control strategy will make your microservices architecture a piece of cake!

Phase 3: Development

Stay consistent with your development environment.

Get your microservice up and running quickly by setting up a virtual machine (VM) as your development environment. Think of it as a computer inside your computer! With a VM, you can emulate the functionality of a physical computer and its hardware, all within your main computer. This way, you can enjoy these benefits:

• It’s easy to set up
• You can get more work done faster
• You can streamline your DevOps process
• You’ll have plenty of storage and computing power
• You’ll be doing your part for the environment

Prefer asynchronous communication for microservices.

Microservices need to communicate with each other to function properly, but a single unavailable service can cause miscommunication and bring down the entire application. Synchronous and Asynchronous communication are the two types of communication among microservices. Asynchronous communication is preferred to avoid tightly coupled components. It includes practices like request/response, notifications, request/asynchronous response, publishes/subscribe, and publish/asynchronous response.

Pick the perfect tools and frameworks for the job

When it comes to implementing microservice architecture, using the right frameworks, libraries, and tools can make a world of difference. However, choosing the right ones can be a daunting task and requires a significant investment of time and effort. Before making any decisions, it’s important to ask yourself and your team the following questions:

• What are the current tools and technology-related challenges our team is facing?
• Why do we need new tools or technology?
• How will new tools or frameworks benefit the team?
• What challenges might we face when using new tools or technology?
• When and where can we use these new tools and technology in our current technology stack?
• Is the new tool compatible with our workflow and architecture?

Picture this: you’re building microservices using the “Spring Boot” framework and automating your build and deployment process with DevOps tools. To make your life easier, here are a few tech tools you can use:

• Github for storing your code and keeping track of versions
• Kubernetes for deploying your services
• Jira for keeping tabs on issues and managing projects
• Postman for testing your APIs
• Logstash for monitoring and keeping an eye on performance
• Nagios to watch over your infrastructure and nip problems in the bud
• SonarQube for checking your code’s quality and security
• Docker for containerizing your apps and making deployment a breeze
• Puppet Enterprise for managing your infrastructure as code
• Ansible for configuring your systems
• Azure DevOps for overseeing your entire DevOps cycle all in one spot
• AWS DevOps for managing your software development process end-to-end
• Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) for sending messages between microservices
• Jenkins and Bamboo for automating your deployment process and making it snappy

Adopt the DevSecOps Model and Secure Microservices

DevSecOps and Microservices are two beneficial concepts in software development automation that, when combined, improve microservices’ security, software quality, and deployment speed.

DevSecOps handles significant security issues during the development, deployment, and production phases, while Microservices facilitates building independent microservices in parallel. To manage data in Microservices, it’s crucial to have a separate data store for each microservice, accessible only via its API.

Every microservice should deploy separately, and container orchestration platforms such as Kubernetes should orchestrate microservices. The deployment process must be automated using tools like Jenkins. Lastly, an effective monitoring system must be in place to ensure that all microservices function as expected and efficiently use resources.

so basically, the DevSecOps teams like to use a special way of building software called “microservice architecture”. It helps make sure that the software is developed securely and without too many mistakes. Microservices are like little building blocks that can work together without being too dependent on each other. This makes it easier for the developers to create the software. And using microservices can also help make the software better and faster! Plus, when you combine DevSecOps and microservices, it’s even better for things like machine learning and artificial intelligence. So, it’s a really popular way of building software these days!

Phase 4: Data Management 

Get Your Data Together (But Not Too Together) 

When it comes to managing your data, you want to keep things separate and specific. Each of your microservices should have a database that’s designed just for it. Don’t be tempted to use a big shared database because any changes you make there could mess with all your microservices. Instead, use APIs that have the right kind of access to let your other services get at the data they need.

Using the same database for all microservices can be risky and make it similar to a monolithic architecture. So, it’s better to have a separate database for each microservice based on their specific responsibility.

Sometimes, multiple microservices may need to access the same database to retrieve data. But, if you look closely, you’ll see that each microservice only works with a certain subset of database tables.

By separating the data of each microservice, you can enjoy benefits like:

• Flexibility in storing and retrieving data
• Reduced complexity
• Less dependence
• Cost optimization, and more.

Also, make sure to keep each microservice’s data private and only accessible through its API. If any service needs to access another service’s data, it can be done via a service mesh and distributed hash table.

Microservices is an architectural pattern that involves the development and design of software as a collection of small and independent services that interact over well-defined lightweight application programming interfaces (APIs) to meet business requirements. The main aim of microservices architecture is to help software development companies to accelerate process development by enabling continuous delivery and development. 

At its primitive phase, each of these microservices acts as an individual app in itself. In the past few years, microservices architecture has gained immense popularity as it offers several benefits over monolithic architectures such as:

• Higher scalability
• Faster time to market
• Higher maintainability
• Easy and faster deployment
• Increased modularity
• Easy and quick troubleshooting turnaround times

For all these benefits, you might wonder what challenges you’re going to face. You’ll face challenges such as security, testing, design, and operational complexity. But you’re not required to worry about these challenges as we have the best solution available. Just by adhering to some of the below microservices’ best practices, you can create a whole microservices ecosystem that is more effective, improves productivity, and is free of unwanted architectural complexity.

Phase 1: Planning and Organizing

Check Whether Microservices Architecture Best Fits the Requirements

Microservices architecture should be planned and designed based on the custom business requirements. The first step in the process is to decide whether Microservices architecture will best fit the customer’s requirements or not. So, make sure to study your requirements carefully. It will help you to decide which architectural pattern you must follow. Also, don’t forget to determine that your program can be segmented into value-added operations while maintaining its key features and functionalities by executing the necessary research. 

Let’s understand this through an example where you want to build a server-side enterprise application that has the below-mentioned requirements :

• Supports various clients including native mobile applications, desktop browsers, and mobile browsers. 
• Allows 3rd party application integration.
• It should be capable of handling requests by executing the business logic, accessing databases, sending/receiving messages with other systems, and returning an HTML/XML/JSON response.
• Includes all the necessary business operations and services. They are complex.

To develop an application that follows the above requirements, illustrate an architecture that structures the application as a coordinated group of loosely coupled, and collaborating services. And each Service should be: 

• Highly maintainable and testable – For faster development and deployment.
• Loosely coupled with other services – So, it won’t affect other services and allows each team to work independently on their separate service(s).
• Independently deployable – To deploy services without coordinating with and impacting other team members.
• Have the ability to be developed by a small team – which is important for better productivity.

These we can achieve through Microservices architecture as it offers numerous benefits such as:

• Enhanced maintainability – each service is somewhat small which can be easily understood and changed.
• Better testability – as we mentioned, the services are smaller, so they can be tested thoroughly and quickly.
• Better deployability – you can independently deploy each service.
• It allows you to manage development efforts around autonomous teams. Each team can develop, test, deploy, and scale its services without depending on other teams.

Now, let’s see when not to use microservices architecture. Monolithic architecture can be a better alternative when

• The application complexity is less. It should have a small number of functionalities to include and be simple to develop. 
• The development team size is small. 

1.2 Define Microservices

You must draw a precise difference between your company operations, services, and microservices. Without this, you may develop large microservices. Because of this under-fragmentation, the microservices methodology will not be useful.

On the opposite side of the table is the prospect of developing an intense number of microservices. This will lead to an excessively fragmented architecture. Note that to operate and maintain a microservices architecture, an experienced operational staff is required.

Another challenge that you might face while using such services is deciding how to partition the system into microservices. We can say that it is an art, but you can find several strategies that can help you with this:

• Decompose using business capability 
• Define microservices using business capabilities. A business capability often refers to business objectives like,
  • • Customers Management (Responsible for Customers)
    • Supplier Management (Responsible for Suppliers)
  • Order Management (Responsible for Orders)
• Decompose using domain-driven design subdomains.
  • Domain Driven Design refers to the app’s problem space- the entire business as the domain. 
  • A domain includes multiple sub-domains and each one of them is related to different functions of the business. 
• Identifying subdomains requires proper knowledge of the business and its structure. It can be best identified using an iterative approach. One can start from 
  • • Organization structure: Different groups or departments in the organization 
  • Key objective: Every subdomain has a key objective to follow. 
• Example: Sub-domains for an education platform are
  • • Lecture Management
    • Schedule Management
    • Payment Management 
    • Attendance Management
  • Exam Management, etc.
• Decompose using a use case or verb and determine services responsible for certain actions such as a Shipping Service that’s responsible for the complete shipping of orders.
• Decompose using resources by determining a service responsible for all functions on resources of a given type such as an Account Service responsible for handling user accounts.

1.3 Build Teams Around Microservices

Creating separate teams to manage multiple microservices entails that these teams have the required expertise and tools to develop, implement, and maintain a given service. Make sure that the teams should be adaptable and strong enough to manage their activities independently without spending much time communicating. 

Here are a few factors and challenges that you need to consider while building teams around microservices.

• Each team should have clear objectives. 
• Developers should be aware of the partial rework that they need to face while executing the inter-service communication mechanism.
• Implementing requests that span more than one service can be more challenging.
• Testing the interactions that take place between services can be complicated.
• Implementing requests that span numerous services demands more coordination between the teams.

Phase 2: Designing

2.1 Adopt the Single Responsibility Principle

As we all know, Microservices have focused responsibilities that help to investigate incidents and monitor the status of each service that connects to a particular database. You might first not consider the Single Responsibility Principle while designing microservices but it should be applied to the various levels of software programming such as methods, classes, modules, and services where each of these levels states that they must have a single responsibility component. This phrase is concrete but it still doesn’t explain how large or small the responsibility should be or what the responsibility is for each method, service, class, or module. Apart from this, you’ll get various benefits by implementing SRP such as:

1. Understandability and learning curve: While splitting the responsibilities not just among microservices but also between smaller methods and classes, the entire system becomes easier to learn and understand. 
2. Flexibility: It provides flexibility to combine independent microservices in various ways depending on the configuration.
3. Reusability: It allows you to reuse the microservices and their components having a single, narrow responsibility.
4. Testability: You can write and maintain test cases easily for each microservices, class, and method with independent concerns.
5. Debuggability: If the tests fail while obscuring a single production method or class, we can immediately detect where the bug is and thus it accelerates the process of software development.
6. Observability and Operability: If the microservice has only one responsibility, the performance issues become easier to detect as the profiling results become more informative. As microservices are decentralized, they can run on different servers and still work together for an application. If any microservice gets a higher number of hits than others, we can allocate a larger server for that specific microservice. 
7. Reliability: Microservices architecture designed using SRP can increase reliability. If any microservice is under maintenance, others can still serve their responsibilities. 

This is one of the best fundamental principles to create a good architectural design. It signifies that a microservice, class, function, subsystem, or module should not have multiple reasons to change.

Use REST APIs and Events Optimally & Make Proper Version Control Strategy

If you’re using RESTful APIs optimally, the microservices architecture pattern delivers significant value and numerous advantages, e.g., you’re not required to install anything on the client side. You don’t need to worry about choosing frameworks since HTTP requests consuming the API gateway service is acceptable. To know the best value of microservices architecture, you must reach the highest level in this model.

To easily access provisioning, ensure each service has its repository while keeping version control logs clean. This can be handy if you’re implementing any change that can break other services.

Let’s discuss this through an example where you’re creating an online store using the Microservice architecture pattern and executing the product details page. For this, you need to develop more than one version of the product details user interface:

• HTML5/JavaScript-based user interface used for browsers (desktop and mobile) – HTML is rendered by a server-side application
• Native Android and iPhone clients – both these clients communicate with the server through REST APIs

Additionally, the online store must uncover product details through a REST API for use by third-party apps. A product details interface (UI) displays various information related to the product. For instance, a clothing product-related page displays:

• Basic information related to clothing such as price, size, brand, etc.
• Product purchase history
• Seller ranking
• Availability
• Customer ranking
• Buying options
• Other frequently purchased products with this item

So, in the Microservice architecture pattern, product information is spread over multiple services. Like,

• Pricing Service – Price of the product 
• Product Details Service – basic details about the product such as brand, size, color
• Inventory service – Availability of the product 
• Review service – Feedback from the customers
• Order service – purchase history for the product

Therefore, the code that demonstrates product details needs to fetch the required information from various available services.

Now you may be thinking, how to access individual microservices?

• Microservices provide the granularity of APIs that might change depending on the requirements of the clients. It provides fine-grained APIs so that clients can communicate with more than one service.
• The data for the same page will vary as per the client’s requirement. Let’s take an example: For a product details page, the desktop browser and mobile app’s interfaces and details may differ.
• The total number of service instances and their locations can change dynamically
• These services use a wide range of protocols where some of which are not web-friendly

And to overcome such problems, you should implement an API gateway that has a single entry point for each client so that it can easily handle all the access requests in one of two ways. Here you’ll find that some requests are routed to a particular service and handle other requests by fanning out to various services.

Phase 3: Development

Keep a Consistent Development Environment

Set up the development environment of your microservice as VM(virtual machine) as it allows developers to adopt the framework and initiate the development quickly. Also, the virtual machine emulates the functionality of a computing system and physical hardware that runs on top of emulating software. The physical hardware resources available in the hypervisor replicates the functionality that is referred to as the host machine. It also offers various benefits such as:

• Easy provisioning
• Increased productivity
• Efficient DevOps
• Excellent storage and computing power
• Environment-friendly IT operations

Keep Asynchronous Communication between Microservices

Have you ever wondered how these services communicate with one another? While interacting with each other, a single unavailable service can lead to a miscommunication which can collapse the entire application. For instance, you have developed a system with microservices for an e-commerce store where one microservice sends a text notification to the customer when their order is placed. The other microservices take orders placed on the website. The third microservice notifies the warehouse when to courier the product. And the last microservice updates the inventory. 

Synchronous and Asynchronous: basically, these are the two types of communication among microservices. First, let’s try to understand the above example using synchronous communication. When any customer creates an order, the web server will process the order and send a request to the notification service to send a text notification for the status of the order (either confirmed or failed). After receiving the response, the web server will send the request to the delivery service for the delivery date and time.  

To stay away from all the complications of tightly coupled components, try using asynchronous communication among microservices. There are several practices for asynchronous communication: 

• Request/response – when a service sends a request message to any recipient, it expects to get a response promptly
• Notifications – here a sender, without waiting for a response, sends a message to the recipient 
• Request/asynchronous response – a service sends a request message and waits to receive a reply message at the end
• Publish/subscribe – a service publicizes a message to zero or more recipients
• Publish/asynchronous response – a service publishes a request to multiple recipients from which some of them might send a response

Use the Right Tools and Frameworks

If you’re using the right frameworks, libraries, and tools, you can easily implement the microservice architecture. But it is a challenging task to select the right tools and frameworks as it requires you to invest a lot of time and effort. So before you choose any tools and technologies, make sure to always put across the below-mentioned questions for yourself or your team:

• What tools and technology-related challenges current teams are facing?
• Why does our team need any new tools/technology?
• How will any new tool or framework benefit the team?
• What challenges you may face while using this new tool/technology?
• When and Where can we use this new tool and technology in the current technology stack?
• Is the new tool compatible with our workflow and architecture?

Now, for instance, imagine that you’re creating microservices using “Spring Boot” which is a popular open-source framework, and implementing DevOps tools to automate the build and deployment process. Here are a few examples of tools and technologies that you can use:

• GitHub for source code management and version control
• Kubernetes for deployment
• Jira for issue tracking and project management
• Postman for API testing
• Logstash for monitoring
• Nagios to monitor your infrastructure to detect and fix problems
• SonarQube to check the code quality and security
• Docker for containerization
• Puppet enterprise for managing your infrastructure as code
• Ansible for managing your configuration
• Azure DevOps to manage your entire DevOps cycle from one integrated interface
• AWS DevOps to manage your entire software development lifecycle
• Amazon’s simple queue service for messaging
• Jenkins and Bamboo for deployment automation

Adopt the DevSecOps Model and Secure Microservices

When it comes to software development automation, DevSecOps (development, security, and operations) and Microservices both are very helpful. By combining these two concepts, microservices security, software quality, and deployment speed can be improved. DevSecOps is responsible for handling major security issues that might occur during the development, deployment, and production phase. Apart from this, it becomes easier to build independent microservices for software parallelly using Microservices and DevSecOps.

Despite this, the DevSecOps teams tend to use the microservice architecture when it comes to the development phase so that it makes sure that Continuous Integration is maintained with increased security measures. We know that Microservices are loosely coupled and not dependent on each other, the development becomes a little easier for developers who’re using the DevSecOps strategy. Also, Microservice architecture helps to increase the speed of DevSecOps-enabled applications and also offers several benefits when combined with Microservices:

• Reduction in errors
• Improved product quality
• Lower development costs and efforts required
• Increased productivity of Development teams

As we mentioned earlier, the combination of DevSecOps and microservices is beneficial and is becoming popular nowadays as more and more development teams have already started using this combination when it comes to Machine Learning and Artificial intelligence. Combining these two strategies helps to enhance the performance of technologies and it makes sure that the scalability of the software is maintained.

Phase 4: Data Management

Separate Data Store for Each Microservices

For managing the data, make sure you’re choosing a separate database, customize the infrastructure, and keep it only to your microservice. Instead, if you’re using a shared or monolithic database, then it won’t serve the purpose. Any change to that database would impact all the microservices that are used in that database. So make sure that the database you choose to store your data is exclusively for your microservice. If any other service wants to access the data, then it should only be done via APIs that have to write access for the particular microservice. 

If you choose the same database for all microservices, you’re making it fragile, in essence, a monolithic architecture. So, each microservice must have its separate database specific to the responsibility.

Sometimes, it can be possible that various microservices need to access the same database to fetch the data. However, an in-depth examination helps you to reveal that one microservice works with a subset of database tables, and on the other hand, a microservice only works with an entirely different subset of tables. The key reasons to separate the data of each microservices are: 

• Flexibility in storing and retrieving the data
• Reduced Complexity
• Lesser Dependence
• Cost optimization, etc.

Lastly, make sure to keep each microservice’s data private to that particular service. It must be accessible only via its API. If any service wants to access the data of any other service, it can also be done via service mesh and distributed hash table. 

Phase 5: Deployment

Deploy Every Microservice Separately

This way, you won’t need to coordinate with a bunch of teams, and you can easily maintain or upgrade each service without getting bogged down. Plus, if a few microservices have the same resources, it’s smart to give them their own space to avoid any outages that could affect everything else.”

Here are some cool ways to deploy your microservices:

• Run Multiple Service Instances on One Host: This allows you to run different services on a single host. You can deploy each instance as a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) process or as multiple instances in the same JVM.
• Run One Service Instance Per Container: After packaging the service as a Docker container image, deploy each instance as a container. This makes it easy to deploy and scale the service.
• Run One Service Instance on One Host: You can also deploy each service instance on its host.
• Run One Service Instance in One Virtual Machine (VM): This pattern has several benefits. VMs are isolated from each other, and deploying each service instance as a separate VM can help with security and scalability.

Orchestrating Microservices

To make your microservices successful, orchestration is essential. You can use Docker to run containers on a virtual machine, but it doesn’t provide the same level of resiliency as a container orchestration platform. This can affect uptime, which is important for microservices. Therefore, it’s crucial to choose a reliable container orchestration platform like Kubernetes for effective microservice orchestration.

With Kubernetes, you can easily manage container deployment and provisioning, load balancing, network communication, scaling, and replica sets for high availability. It’s a battle-tested platform that can help you manage all your microservices effectively.

Automate the Deployment Process

In DevOps, automation is key to improving efficiency. That’s where Jenkins comes in! Jenkins is an automation tool that makes it easy to automate DevOps workflows. It enables Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery, so you can streamline your development process and get your code out the door faster.

Phase 6: Maintenance

Let’s talk about monitoring your microservices! When you use microservices, you can have lots of small parts working together, which can be fast and efficient, but also means you need to keep an eye on all of them to make sure everything is running smoothly.

You want to make sure that each microservice is doing what it’s supposed to be doing and using its resources well. If something isn’t working right, you want to be able to fix it quickly.

For example, let’s say you have a microservice that’s supposed to handle requests, but it’s running out of database connections. Your monitoring system should be able to send you an alert so you can fix the problem and make sure requests are being handled properly.

Luckily, you don’t have to start from scratch when it comes to monitoring your microservices. There are lots of monitoring tools out there that you can use to keep an eye on things. These tools can give you all sorts of information, like how many users were online at a particular time, how fast your different microservices are talking to each other, and how much CPU load you’re using.

By monitoring your microservices and keeping track of all this data, you can make smart decisions about how to keep everything running smoothly and make improvements where needed.